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73. MEASURING AND TESTING. 321

A. & W. GUTHRIE 81 T. L. HUMES.

Water Gage.

Patented Feb; 5. 1867.

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l gain 1:, tateafiatrnrt@ffim ALFRED GUTHRIE, WARDELL' GUTHRIE, AND THOMAS: L. HUMES, or CHICAGO, ILLINOIS. 1

Letters Patent No. 61,826, dated February 5, 1867.

mrnovnnnur IN WA'RER-INDIGATORS ron BOILERS.

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TO ALL WHOM IT MAY CONCERN:

Be it known that we, Atrium Gamma, Wnnnnm. Gurnnm, and THOMAS L. Hones, of the city of Chicago, in the county of Cook, and State of Illinois, have invented a new and improved Water Gauge for determining and indicating the height of water ,in steam boilers; and also connected therewitha device or plan for indicating when the steam of a boiler is subjected to an undue pressure, or is superheated in consequence'of low water, operating in connection with the same gauge, though incidental to it, by means of alloyed metal; and we do hereby declarc'that the following is a full and exact description thereof, reference being hadto the accompnnying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon. 4

The nature of our invention consists in suspending a given weight in the water of the boiler by a chain or cord wound over a wheel or attached to a lever, to which is attached a counterbalance weight suspended out of the water that will just balance the immersed weight, threbyconverting it into a real, substantial float or buoy, though it be made of solid metal; in other words, taking advantage of a well-known principle of science that a stone or piece of metal weighs less when immersed in water than in the air, by juhtso much as the water it displaces. From this difference of weight we are enabled to obtaina suflicicnt power or. force to operate with absolute-certainty and precision the shaft and index hand through its necessary smiling-boxes, and consequent friction designed to indicate outside the exact stage of water within. In connection herewith, the counterbalance weight may be made of fusible-alloy, or the part by which it is suspended only, which fusing, at a given temper store, will melt and fall down, relieving the immersed weight of its counterbalance, when it 'will sink and indicate throughthe index hand the dangerous condition inside the boiler.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use our invention, we will proceed to describe its construction and operation, first referringto the drawings and letters marked thereon. I I

Figure 1 shows the gauge all complete and attached'to the boiler, with its face and index hand in view of the engineer in charge. a

Figure 2 shows the gauge open to view, with an opening in the boiler.

zh'shows a weight of cast iron or other material, as may be convenient, about-eight iuches square by four inches deep, varying mdrc or less, as may be found necessary to insure a certain operation of the index hand; if using material other than iron, it is suspended half deep in the water, with-thefiat side up, by the chain D, which passes up through the pipe E and over the wheel F, and fastened (as seen) at G. -H shows a steam-tight case, in which the wheel and chain work when put together, as in fig. 1. I shows a:smaller weight, in'whole' or inpart of alloyed metal, which'fuscs at a given temperature desired,-and suspended above the water by its ciiain, J, which also passes over the wheel F, but in a contrary direction from the chain D, and fastened-likewise in the rim. Now it is plain as one weight rises the other must fall, and vice versa, winding the chains over the wheel to obtain sufiieient length for the rise and fall of the water in the boiler The whole is complete and ready for operation, which is simple and plain, and is as follows: v I

When the water in the boiler riscs or falls, the weight or buoy will rise or fall'with it, and turn the wheel F, which works the index hand K, noting the exact height; of thewater in inches or parts of inches over the fines. Again, if the steam should become, from any cause, overheated, the fusible alloy weight will melt and fall away, leaving thcimmcrsed weightwithout its counterbalance, and it falls to the bottom, turning the index handto the point marked dangerous," as indicative of too high pressure or of superheatedsteam. We prefer having the heavy float or buoy about half immersed, so that it may, in case of sand or dirt accumulating upon it, regulate itself either way, as the case may be, by immersing or exposing more surface above the water. S, in fig. 2, shows the pipe vthrough which the chain Jpasses to the wheel, as above. Althouglrthe drawings show two pipes, one for each of the chains, yet both may pass in one pipe, as shown in fig. 3.

What we claim as our invention, and desire to secure by Lcttcrs'Patcn't, is-

Th: combination of thefloating weight with its equivalent counterbalance weight, operating in the manner s ein s f rth andd'escribed.

and for the purpo e her et 0 ALFRED GUTHRIE,

THQS. L. HUMES,

Witnesses: WARDELL GUTHRIE.

"1. S. Cnsusnnnm,

A. T. SHERMAN. 

